來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-07-12 11:32:58
01
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有三種形式
1. 謂語(yǔ)是be(am/is/are)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
①肯定形式:主語(yǔ)+be+表語(yǔ)(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ))。I am hungry.You are beautiful.He is a doctor.②否定形式:主語(yǔ)+be+not+表語(yǔ)(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ))。I am not hungry.You aren't beautiful.He isn't a doctor.③一般疑問(wèn)句形式:Be+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ))?
肯定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)+be. 否定回答:No, 主語(yǔ)+ be+not.—Are you hungry?—Yes,I am./No,I'm not.—Is he a doctor?—Yes, he is./No, he isn,t.④特殊疑問(wèn)句形式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+Be開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?—What is he?—He is a doctor.注意:be要隨著主語(yǔ)變。
2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
①肯定形式:“主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”或“主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞”。She has a little brother.她有一個(gè)弟弟。The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。②否定形式:“主語(yǔ)+don't/doesn't+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”或“主語(yǔ)+don't/doesn't+不及物動(dòng)詞”。She doesn't have a little brother.她沒(méi)有弟弟。I don't eat every morning.我每天早晨都不吃飯。③一般疑問(wèn)句形式:“Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)”或“Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞原形”?隙ɑ卮穑篩es,主語(yǔ)+do/does. 否定回答是:No, 主語(yǔ)+ don't/doesn't.—Do you eat every morning?—Yes, I do./No, I don't.—Does she have a little brother?—Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.④特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do/does開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?What do you like?When do you go to school?注意:根據(jù)主語(yǔ)確定用do還是does。
3. 謂語(yǔ)是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may...+動(dòng)詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
①肯定形式:主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)。I can finish my homework.②否定形式:主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+not+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)。I can't finish my homework.③一般疑問(wèn)句形式:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can/May.....+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)。
肯定回答是:Yes,主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞. 否定回答是:No, 主語(yǔ)+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.—Can you finish your homework?—Yes,I can./No, I can't.④特殊疑問(wèn)句形式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?—What can you do?—I can do my homework.注意:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形。
02
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ;表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作;表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力;表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理等。例如:
He is twelve.他十二歲了。I go to school at seven every day.我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。They can speak Japanese.他們會(huì)說(shuō)日語(yǔ)。
2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞連用。如:often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。例如:
I often read books in the evening.我經(jīng)常在晚上讀書(shū)。Do they usually go to school by bike?他們通常騎自行車(chē)去上學(xué)嗎?He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it.他不喜歡牛奶。他從來(lái)不喝它。Sometimes my mother gets back at five.有時(shí)候媽媽五點(diǎn)鐘回來(lái)。
3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。例如:
Do they have math in the morning?他們?cè)缟嫌袛?shù)學(xué)課嗎?She sleeps nine hours every night.她每晚睡九個(gè)小時(shí)。It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.每天寫(xiě)作業(yè)花費(fèi)我兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。They don’t have classes on Sundays.
他們周日不上課。
4. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)含義
a. 下列瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來(lái),主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車(chē)明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。----When does the bus star? 汽車(chē)什么時(shí)候開(kāi)?----It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。b. 在主從復(fù)合句中,當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,即所謂的“主將從現(xiàn)”。例如:When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來(lái)后,讓他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就寫(xiě)信給你。
03
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成
1. 動(dòng)詞原形后面直接加-s
look—looks read—reads play—plays stop—stops
2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es
miss—misses fix—fixes watch—watches wash—washes
go—goes do—does
3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i,再加-es
carry–carriesstudy–studies hurry–hurries cry–cries
4. 特殊變化
have-has
be-is
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